There are four platforms of Java Programming Language:
1. Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) : Java Platform, Standard Edition or Java SE is a widely used platform for development and deployment of portable applications for desktop and server environments. Java SE uses the object-oriented Java programming language. Strictly speaking, Java SE is a platform specification. It defines a wide range of general purpose APIs—such as Java APIs for the Java Class Library[citation needed]—and also includes the Java Language Specification and the Java Virtual Machine Specification. One of the most well-known implementations of Java SE is Oracle Corporation’s Java Development Kit (JDK).
2. Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) : Java Platform, Enterprise Edition or Java EE is Oracle’s enterprise Java computing platform. The platform provides an API and runtime environment for developing and running enterprise software, including network and web services, and other large-scale, multi-tiered, scalable, reliable, and secure network applications. Java EE extends the Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE), providing an API for object-relational mapping, distributed and multi-tier architectures, and web services. The platform incorporates a design based largely on modular components running on an application server. Software for Java EE is primarily developed in the Java programming language. The platform emphasizes Convention over configuration and annotations for configuration. Optionally XML can be used to override annotations or to deviate from the platform defaults.
3. Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME) : Java Platform, Micro Edition, or Java ME, is a Java platform designed for embedded systems (mobile devices are one kind of such systems). Target devices range from industrial controls to mobile phones (especially feature phones) and set-top boxes. Java ME was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME). Java ME was designed by Sun Microsystems, acquired by Oracle Corporation in 2010; the platform replaced a similar technology, PersonalJava. Originally developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 68, the different flavors of Java ME have evolved in separate JSRs. Sun provides a reference implementation of the specification, but has tended not to provide free binary implementations of its Java ME runtime environment for mobile devices, rather relying on third parties to provide their own.
4. Java FX : JavaFX is a software platform for creating and delivering rich internet applications (RIAs) that can run across a wide variety of devices. The current release has support for desktop computers and web browsers on Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X. Before version 2.0 of JavaFX, developers used a statically typed, declarative language called JavaFX Script to build JavaFX applications. Because JavaFX Script was compiled to Java bytecode, programmers could also use Java code instead. JavaFX applications could run on any desktop that could run Java SE, on any browser that could run Java EE, or on any mobile phone that could run Java ME.
The following belong to the Java Enterprise Edition Web Tier technology:
- Servlets
- Java Server Faces
- Java Server Faces Facelets
- Expression Language
- Java Server Pages (JSP)
- Java Server Pages Standard Tag Library
- Java Beans Components: Acts as temporary data stores for the pages of an app.